For this section of the GCSE mandarin exam, my strategy would be to first read through the question section, to make sure the student understands what it is that they are asking for. Due to time limit in the exam, this is a good approach as it then becomes easier for the student to identify the answer when reading the paragraph. Something that makes Mandarin very difficult is that if you can't comprehend one character, then your interpretation of the reading can be completely wrong. Therefore, I would make sure that my student understands each character and grammar structure, and together, we will keep a list of them all so that the student can review it afterwards.
I like to use radicals to teach students the meaning of each character. For example, the character for speak has the sound radicle. Understanding radicals makes understanding characters significantly easier. Therefore, I would draw out the character and decompose it, so that the student can retain its meaning better.