What is meant by the term amphoteric? and give an example of a reaction using NaOH that could be used to distinguish between a solution of amphoteric AlCl3 and non-amphoteric MgCl2.

The phrase amphoteric describes a compound that reacts with both acids and bases. 

NaOH can react with both AlCl3 and MgClto give a white precipitate but the addition of excess NaOH causes the amphoteric Al(OH)3 to dissove, whereas the magnesium precipitate does not dissolve with excess NaOH.

Al3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) -> Al(OH)3(s)

Al(OH)3(s) + OH-(aq) -> [Al(OH)4]- (aq)

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Answered by Lois L. Chemistry tutor

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