Vaccines have become an effective way to prevent certain diseases, however for some viruses it is difficult to develop a vaccine. Describe possible difficulties of developing a permanent vaccine for the influenza virus.

The influenza virus has a very high mutation rate. This means that its surface proteins (antigens) will change. Since a vaccine contains a specific antigen, if the virus switches to a different antigen, then the vaccine will no longer be effective. 

Furthermore, antibodies produced by the body would not be able to recognise, and bind with, the changed antigens. 

Many viruses also damage the host's immune system. This means that, even if they received an effective vaccine, their body may not be able to produce sufficient antibodies to overcome the infection.

NL
Answered by Nancy L. Biology tutor

2532 Views

See similar Biology A Level tutors

Related Biology A Level answers

All answers ▸

Explain how two populations of organisms may develop into two separate species.


Explain the role of the diaphragm in breathing out


Explain the differences between active transport and facilitated diffusion.


Describe and explain how the lac Operon allows E coli bacteria to adapt to a new environment.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2025 by IXL Learning