Explain one study related to localisation of function in the brain

One study related to localisation of function in the brain is the famous case study of HM by Scoville and Milner (1957). As a child, HM suffered from severe epilepsy, in an attempt to improve his condition, he was referred to Dr Scoville for a new treatment. The treatment was referred to as a bilateraly lobectomy, removing both his left and right medial temporal lobes, impacting the hippocampus. After the surgrey, the epileptic attacks had significantly reduced, however, HM suffered from anterograde amnesia and could no longer move memories in the short-term store into the long-term store. He could still recall events and facts from before the surgery, yet was unable to retain new information for more than 30 seconds.

Further tests also showed his procedural memory was still intact. One test involved HM drawing a star-shape facing a mirror, using his non-dominant hand. After repeated tests, although he could not remember doing the test previously, he became more proficient and fluent at the task. Scoville and Milner's case study on HM was ground-breaking, in that memory was now seen to be a function in more than one area of the brain, and that a strong link could be drawn between the hippocampus and the movement of new memories from the short-term store to the long-term store.