When should I use the subjunctive?

I was always told that the subjunctive can be seen as a mood as opposed to a tense as the use of it depends on the context of a sentence. For starters, it almost always follows a clause ending in “que” or “qui.” The subjunctive is used in the following contexts: Expressing uncertainty or doubt. The subjunctive here is used when speaking of something which isn’t fully certain and which is not a proven fact. -“Je ne pense pas que” takes the subjunctive - this draws our attention to another situation which requires the subjunctive: phrases of negation i.e. when the negative is used -“Il n’est pas clair que” -“Il n’est pas evident que” Following on from uncertainty, the tone of possibility also requires the subjunctive: -“Il est possible que” -“Il est peu probable que” Verbs that express a will, desire or order require the subjunctive since they involve a change in subject: -“Je veux qu’il fasse ses devoirs” I want him to do his homework -“J’espère qu’ils reviennent” I hope that they come back Emotion, opinion, judgement also require the subjunctive as these phrases are subjective -“adorer que” -“aimer que” -“avoir peur que” -“être content que” -“être étonné que” -“Il est surprenant que”  If a sentence evokes something which is not real, tangible, or certain, you should use the subjunctive. For example: -“Je cherche quelqu’un qui soit intelligent” I’m looking for someone intelligent (You don’t yet know who this intelligent person is, therefore it requires the subjunctive) The use of the superlative in certain contexts requires the subjunctive. This is because the statement is a hyperbolic assumption rather than a fact:-“Elle est la seule personne qui puisse danser ici.” She is the only person who can dance here. Necessity also calls for the subjunctive: “Il faut que” “Il est nécessaire que” There are also certain set phrases which always require the subjunctive. These can be used to make an essay or written piece seem more sophisticated. -“La tele joue un grand rôle dans notre vie, qu’on le veuille ou non.” TV plays a huge role in our life, whether we like it or not. -“à condition que” -“afin que” -“à moins que” -“avant que” -"quoique".  I would avoid using the subjunctive unless you are completely confident in knowing when to use it and are familiar with conjugating the subjunctive for regular and irregular verbs.

Answered by Sabrina R. French tutor

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