What is the difference between an ionic lattice and a metallic lattice?

Many elements readily form ions because their electron configurations are more stable if electrons are added or removed, usually in order to ensure that the outermost shell is a full octet. An ionic compound consists of cations and anions in a lattice structure. The most common example of such a compound is NaCl, which consists of Na+ cations and Cl- anions. The ionic lattice structure is held together by the electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions. A metal or metal alloy consists of metal cations and a sea of delocalised electrons. For example a metal atom M may have two electrons in its outer shell, in which case in order to obey the octet rule two electrons will dissociate to form an M2+ ion. In this case the metallic structure will be held together by the attraction between the M2+ ions and the delocalised electrons. In general, the metallic lattice structure is held together by the electrostatic forces of attraction between the metal cations and the delocalised electrons.

Answered by Adam L. Chemistry tutor

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