Explain how the structure of the mitochondria relates to its function

The mitochondria has three key parts, matrix, inner membrane, and outer membrane. The matrix is the internal space where the krebs cycle takes place. All enzymes for the krebs cycle are in the matrix, ensuring high enzyme concentration and reduced loss of intermediates. The inner mitochondrial membrane is the site of oxidative phosphorylation and contains the electron transport chain. It is folded into cristae, creating a large surface area for oxidative phosphorylation to occur, increasing the rate of reaction. The selective permeability of the inner membrane prevents protons crossing the membrane, causing a high concentration of protons in the intermembrane space when they are pumped by the proton pump. This electrochemical gradient drives ATP synthase, allowing oxidative phosphorylation to occur. The outer mitochondrial membrane is more permeable than the inner membrane, and helps to regulate what enters the organelle. It is still impermeable to protons, preventing them from diffusing into the cytoplasm, thus maintaining the high concentration in the inter-membrane space.