From the perspective of food security, how successful is China's one child policy?

In theory, China’s one child policy should drive down per capita food consumption which therefore could lead to increased food security in the future. However, in practice, China have not stringently carried-out the policy and now are even legislating against it. In 2013, the Chinese government relaxed the one child policy, which is most likely only going to expedite food security concerns. Firstly, without proper controls the population may grow beyond the country’s planned capacity to feed itself (1.5 billion people by the year 2033). Secondly, loosening the policy too quickly may spur a baby boom in that could see the population increase further. Thirdly, the Chinese diet is ‘Westernising’ so that it consists more of meat which is less sustainable than a vegetarian-style diet. In reality though, China hasn’t strictly imposed the one child policy since it was introduced in the 1970s. Only 35.9% of the Chinese population are restricted to having only one child and nearly two/ thirds of the people in the country have the right to legally have more than one kid without any financial or legal repercussions. So, although food security might not have been an issue if they had a imposed stricter regulations on the policy, the one child policy hasn’t been too effective for food security. Also, the increased ‘Western’ diet involving meat coupled with increased purchasing power has exacerbated food supplies to a larger extent than the one child policy would be able to control.

Answered by Thomas F. Geography tutor

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