Giant covalent structures are made up of many covalent bonds between atoms. They have high melting points because it takes a lot of energy to break the strong covalent bonds between the atoms. They cannot conduct electricity because they have no overall charge. Graphite is an exception to this as it has one unbonded electron that can conduct charge. They are also insoluble since the attractions between the atoms in the structure and water are not strong enough to overcome the covalent bonds.