How does myelination of neurones increase conduction velocity?

Myelination is the production of a myelin sheath - a fatty, electrically insulating layer formed by Schwann cells wrapping around the axons of neurons. This sheath is not continuous, there are gaps between Schwann cells which are called nodes of Ranvier. At these nodes, the axon membrane (containing sodium and potassium ion channels) is uncovered/exposed to ions in extracellular solution. Therefore depolarisation can only occur at the nodes of Ranvier. Since the action potential jumps from node to node (this is called saltatory conduction), the action potential travels a greater distance for a shorter period of time. In an unmyelinated axon, every single section of the membrane will have to be depolarised for the impulse to conduct along the axon, hence taking more time.

Answered by Kavindi G. Biology tutor

10872 Views

See similar Biology A Level tutors

Related Biology A Level answers

All answers ▸

how is a proton gradient set up and maintained across the inner mitochondrial membrane?


Explain how blood glucose concentration is controlled in the body


Describe the way solutes are transported in a plant's vascular system


How would you structure and answer the essay section of the exam?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact usWhatsapp logoMessage us on Whatsapptelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

© MyTutorWeb Ltd 2013–2024

Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy
Cookie Preferences