‘Odysseus is never made to feel welcome on his travels.’ To what extent do you agree that Odysseus is shown poor hospitality (xenia) in Books 5- 12 of the Odyssey?

In the introduction, I would explain that xenia was an extremely important part of Ancient Greek society and that anyone seen to not be showing good xenia would be considered in defiance of the gods. Then I would go on to list the different examples of where Odysseus is shown both good and bad xenia; the Laistrygonians, Polyphemus, Aeolus, Circe, the Phaeacians and Calypso. I would probably group the solely good examples of xenia together (Aeolus and the Phaeacians) and explain how they all immediately welcomed Odysseus into their homes and gave him and his men food and when they were ready to leave, sent them away with gifts as befitting Odysseus' status. Then I would do the same with the solely bad examples (the Laistrygonians and Polyphemus) and explain how they were only violent towards Odysseus which directly went against the rule of xenia. Lastly I would look into the examples that show more of a grey area (Circe and Calypso) because even though Circe was initially violent, she did eventually show good xenia and was one of Odysseus' most kind and helpful hosts. A similar distinction can be made with Calypso as even though she welcomed Odysseus and fed him as xenia dictates, she did not allow him to leave which again is a violation of xenia (as stated in the earlier narrative with Telemachus). To conclude, I would say that although there are a wealth of examples that would suggest Odysseus is more often made to feel unwelcome, it is not right to say he is never made to feel welcome and therefore would ultimately disagree with the question statement.

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