Outline the process of DNA replication.
For organisms to grow and repair cells are constantly replicating, and therefore the DNA within cells is also constantly replicating. The process begins with the enzyme DNA helicase breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases, causing the two DNA strands to separate. Following this, complementary DNA nucleotides will pair up with the bases on each template strand, facilitated by the enzyme DNA polymerase. Finally, the enzyme DNA ligase joins the adjacent nucleotides together by catalysing the formation of phophodiester bonds. This kind of replication is described as semi-conservative, since each new DNA molecule contains one strand from the original DNA and one new strand.
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