How successful was Stalin in modernizing the USSR in the period 1928-39?

When answering this question it is important to consider to read the question and break it down into its components. In this case it would be SUCCESSFUL, MODERNIZING and 1928-39, and when planning an answer these should constantly be kept in mind. "How successful" means that this question isn't just asking for a description of how Stalin modernized but also a judgement. In terms of "modernizing" it is important to not just refer to economic modernization but also social policy. Try to think about how different areas interlock as part of Stalin's modernizing efforts and which aspects were more successful than others. To achieve higher marks your answer shouldn't just be yes or no but also contain a certain level of nuance. Having a defined time period in the question it is important to remember to stay within this timeframe but also to use this to your advantage. By comparing the level of modernization in 1928 and 1939 you can strengthen your argument by providing evidence in the form of figures, for example a comparison of GDP between the two years. When beginning to plan this question first you should think about the modernizing policies of Stalin and consider individually how successful each policy was at aiding modernization, which policies were most successful, before coming to an overall conclusion as to if Stalin was successful. Planning this as either a mind map or table can help with keeping your ideas clear. Once you've decided upon your argument, begin by laying out the outline of it in your introduction. You don't need to write a large amount here considering that you still have the body of your essay to expand upon the argument. The body of your argument should then be split into two parts, successful and unsuccessful, putting whichever you're arguing for first. These sections can be split into different paragraphs, covering different policies. For example, the section of your body discussing successes can be divided into paragraphs discussing agricultural, industrial and social policy successes. When discussing the opposing side of the argument, remember not to completely undermine your argument, try to give reasoning as to why the opposing is weak. Finally, finish your essay with a conclusion which reiterates your argument using a little more detail than your introduction.