How do I find the square root of a complex number?

Say you want to find the square root of the complex number 3+2i.
We can assume that the answer we want will be in the form a+bi.
It follows then, that you can also write 3+2i as (a+bi)2.
Expanding this gives us 3+2i = a2+2abi-b2
Then all we need to do is compare the coefficients of the imaginary and real parts: i.e. 3 = a2-b2 and 2 = 2ab.
Solve these 2 simultaneous equations to get a =1.8 and b = 0.56 (ignore any imaginary solutions for a and b - they have to be real).
Therefore the square root of 3+2i is 1.8+0.56i. You can check this by squaring our solution and you'll get back to 3+2i (or near enough due to rounding).


DC

Related Further Mathematics A Level answers

All answers ▸

Let A, B and C be nxn matrices such that A=BC-CB. Show that the trace of A (denoted Tr(A)) is 0, where the trace of an nxn matrix is defined as the sum of the entries along the leading diagonal.


How do you find the determinant of a matrix?


How do you find the derivative of arcsinx?


Prove by induction that the sum from r=1 to n of (2r-1) is equal to n^2.