Study the Source "They Salute with Both Hands Now". What is the cartoonist's message?

The message of the cartoon "They Salute with Both Hands Now" is that in the Night of the Long Knives, Hitler turned on his previously loyal supporters, the SA, in order to consolidate his position by eliminating the threat of Ernst Rohm and the SA and winning over the Army. This betrayal is seen by the image of SA members looking fearful in surrender, and SA leaders dead on the floor, killed by Hitler, who holds a smoking gun. Surrounding this scene, members of the Army and SS stand with their weapons pointing towards the SA members. Hitler used the SS and the Army to kill the SA on the Night of the Long knives, and doing so helped him to win them over as it showed his preference for them over the thug-like Stormtroopers. The caption ‘They salute with both hands now’ is a joke about the Nazi salute. The SA used to be fiercely loyal to Hitler, and so would salute him with the Nazi salute (with one hand). However, now they have both their hands up to Hitler in surrender, showing their powerlessness. On the floor, lies ‘Hitler’s unkept promises’, clearly discarded. This represents how Hitler betrayed the SA, as they had been led to believe that they would gain power alongside Hitler. The three men that stand in front of the SA are Hitler (standing aggressively with an armband that reads: ’the double cross’- a pun about the swastika and Hitler’s betrayal), Goering (who is dressed as a violent god of war, showing how the Nazis have abandoned democracy and now rule by terror), and Goebbels (shown as Hitler’s poodle, since in Britain, where this cartoon was published,he was seen to be cowardly and extremely loyal to Hitler). It was all three of these men that were responsible for this night, because Hitler asked Goering and Goebbels to compile a list of ‘disloyal SA members’,; this list formed the basis of those killed on the Night of the Long Knives.

Answered by Tiffany P. History tutor

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