The water potential of the blood is constantly monitored by specialised sensory neurones in the hypothalamus known as osmoreceptors. When these cells detect that the water potential of the blood is beginning to drop too low and needs to be increased, nerve impulses are sent to the posterior pituitary gland, which stimulates the release of ADH (anti-diuretic hormone). Molecules of ADH are released into the blood stream and are carried all over the body, however they are targeted specifically to receptors on the cells of the collecting ducts in the nephron. When they bind to these receptors in the kidney, they make the cells more permeable to water. As a result, more water diffuses out of the collecting ducts and down the concentration gradient into the blood, thereby increasing the bloods water potential.