Parties are unable to organise government to deliver a political programme –Decreasingly valid, as party control in Congress has strengthenedPressure groups have taken over the role of parties in financing election Campaigns – in the wake of Citizens United, increasingly valid though partiesStill have a significant role in funding elections Parties don’t control the selection of their own candidates –still the case,Even after introduction of ‘super-delegates’ to party conventions, e.g.Success of Trump in the Presidency