State and derive Kepler's third law

Kepler's third law states that the square of the period of any planet is proportional to the cube of its orbital radius.To derive it, two equations are required: F=GMm/r^2 and F = mv^2/r. These are Newtons law of gravity and the centripetal force for an object moving in circular motion respectively.By equating the two you can see that GMm/r^2 = mv^2/r. the m's and r's (mass and radius) then cancel to give: GM/r = v^2.v^2 can be shown to be equal to (2pir/T)^2, which I would show in the video and this can be substituted in to finally show that: T^2 = 4pi^2r^3/GM. I can then expand on this question by asking the student to find the period of a planet with mass M and radius r.

Answered by Samuel B. Physics tutor

2115 Views

See similar Physics A Level tutors

Related Physics A Level answers

All answers ▸

Derive the escape velocity from the surface of a planet with radius, r, and mass, M.


Explain how the photoelectric effect gives evidence for the photon theory of light.


The electric potential energy of two protons is 1.0MeV. Calculate their separation


Name an experiment proving that light is wave and one that is proving that light consists of particles.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact usWhatsapp logoMessage us on Whatsapptelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo
Cookie Preferences