Explain the socio-economic consequences of population movements for source countries across Europe.

An adverse socio-economic consequence of population movements for source countries across Europe is the brain drain. The brain drain is a geographical term which is used to explain the socio-economic phenomenon, where highly trained, qualified people emigrate from a source country to a host country. Highly trained professionals from Poland frequently join the brain drain to Western European countries, such as the UK. Here, as a result of the lack of highly trained professionals, the source country of Poland is likely to experience a significant change in the types of employment sectors which characterise the country's economy, including a shift from primary sector jobs to tertiary industries such as hospitality and tourism for example. However, it is important to be aware of the ways in which population movements can positively affect the source country in question. While the brain drain certainly symbolises a significant immediate depletion of the country's workforce, socio-cultural reasons for migration often result in remittances being sent home to the workers' families. But in the longer term, emigration allows source countries to benefit from the new skills which the workers have acquired during their time overseas. These can be skills particular to a certain trade, which can help to boost the source country's economy by injecting better skilled individuals into key sectors of the economy, or they can refer to language skills which can have positive externalities on the worker's community, by passing on these language skills to their local community back home.