Put shortly, whether something can be know "a priori" or "a posteriori" depends upon whether it can be known from experience or without experience. A priori knowledge is knowledge that can be known independent from any experience. For example, "All crows are birds". Mathematical equations are also examples of a priori knowledge, since we do not need to experience something in the world to know that they are true. A posteriori knowledge, on the other hand, is any knowledge that does require experience as justification. For example, "It's sunny outside", or "Lily has red hair". Whereas a priori statements can be known in an of themselves, a posteriori statements must be verified by some empirical experience.
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