Describe and explain how the eye would focus on a near object. [5]

As light passes through the cornea and lens, refraction takes place at varying degrees depending on lens shape. Objects closer to the eye have diverging light rays, thus need more refraction from the lens. The eye changes the shape of the lens to cause more or less refraction through the process of accommodation. For a near object, the ring of ciliary muscles contract and the thread like suspensory ligaments relax. This causes the lens to become small and thick which results in more light refraction which means the light rays will be focused on the retina.