in order to use a case study effectively, it is important to highlight the key words in the question and look for what they are asking such as: explain, analyse, show and describe. All having a very different meaning, distinguishing between them will allow you to then pick out the key information that is needed for an essay. Write down the essential data and make a plan. Make sure to get rid of the unnecessary information which may not be relevant to the question as you will be wasting time. When including a case study, it is often beneficial to compare and contrast between different case studies, of course this depends on the question you are asked. It is also important to bring in background knowledge especially in physical geography essays about methods and application. If this is a long essay, an introduction and conclusion where the case studies are introduced and evaluated is key to the structure of a decent essay.