How does Dickens present the theme of social class in the novel 'Great Expectations'

Pip spends his youth living on the Kent marshes which immediately presents his childhood in a lower class as being extremely isolated with a lack of opportunity. In the dialect at the time, it is likely that 'marshes' would sound like 'meshes' which connotes entrapment for Pip, as though he cannot escape. The negative connotations focused towards where Pip grew up are further emphasised upon Pip leaving for London. The metaphor seen in the line "the mists had risen" and the use of the noun 'mists' presents the lack of clarity his childhood gave him, leaving him unable to flourish which he believes is as a result of his lower social class. This is then continued with "the world lay before me" with the noun 'world' suggesting the huge amount of opportunity he believes London can give him. By following this with the verb 'lay', Dickens presents the ease of reaching this, as this his future is open for him now he is out of the dark marshes. This theme is also presented through the name 'Pip' connoting a seed which hasn't had the ability to flourish. Dickens juxtaposes his name with Estella's, meaning star, emphasising the difference in opportunities in upbringings for the two characters.Miss Havisham and Estella are used by Dickens to show the 19th century societies opinions on social status. Miss Havisham uses her social superiority to manipulate Pip. This can be seen in the use of imperative "love her, love her, love her". The repetition of "love her" presenting Miss Havisham's desperation to manipulate Pip knowing she has raised Estella to lack the ability to feel compassion and love him in return. Miss Havisham therefore presents the idea in the 19th century that a higher social status gave you the ability to control and manipulate people of the lower class.

Answered by Erin R. English tutor

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