In keeping with the structure of the traditional Aristotelian tragedy, throughout ‘Doctor Faustus’, Marlowe presents the eponymous protagonist as a character afflicted by a fatal flaw (hamartia), facilitating his eventual downfall and punishment with eternal damnation. That being said, to a certain extent Faustus contradicts the idiosyncrasies of the traditional tragic hero, and in indulging an exploration of profound transcendental truths, could be considered the perfect embodiment of the Elizabethan Renaissance man, unduly punished in his natural pursuit of a greater understanding of the complexities of creation. This is exacerbated by the ambiguity pertaining to whether Faustus is in control of his own fate or subject to the external forces of predestination. As such, it could be argued that the punishment of perpetual suffering in Hell inflicted upon Faustus is not necessarily deserved.
A key reason as to why it could be argued that Faustus is undeserving of his fate would be the fact that his pursuit of divine power and knowledge is aligned with the philosophical enquiry typical of the time in which the play was written. Faustus’ dismissal of Justinian’s Code as ‘a pretty case of paltry legacies’, accentuated by the use of plosive consonants denotes the trivial nature of earthly scholarly pursuits, and a desire for intellectual liberation. While Faustus is ultimately damned for his pursuit of such ends, to a certain extent it does appear that Marlowe lauds his, albeit fleeting, efforts to attain such knowledge. The declaration that ‘This night I’ll conjure though I die therefore’ seemingly presents Faustus as profoundly courageous in his desire to procure divine knowledge and power. This is accentuated by the fact that, starkly contrasting the conventional tragic hero, Faustus was born of ‘parents base of stock’; he is a self-made man who has successfully ascended the social ranks and become a renowned scholar. In this way, it could be argued that while Faustus’ pining for divine power is indeed vain and ultimately preposterous, he does not necessarily deserve to be subjected to eternal damnation; this is merely the result of a stringent Lutheran moral order.
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