Describe protein synthesis

Firstly, DNA is transcripted into mRNA inside the nucleus, controlled by RNA polymerase. The DNA is unwound by RNA polymerase into two strands. There is complimentary base pairing between the template strand of the DNA and RNA nucleotides. The bases that are complimentary are A to T, C to G, C to C and U to A (this is because RNA contains uracil instead of thymine). The mRNA formed from this process is then released.The next step is translation, where the mRNA is translated into a a chain of amino acids. tRNAs (transfer RNAs) are involved in this process. Each tRNA molecule holds a specific amino acid on one side and on the other side holds 3 bases called an anti-codon. Each anticodon on the tRNA pairs with a codon on the mRNA molecule which is also made up of 3 bases. tRNA binds to mRNA with the help of a ribosome. When another tRNA comes the two adjacent amino acids form bonds to each other. Once the bond is formed the tRNA can leave and the process is repeated until the ribosome reaches a part of the mRNA that does not code for an amino acid. The ribosome leaves the mRNA and the chain of amino acids is released, which is a protein.