Background Photosynthesis is the process where energy from light is used to break apart bonds in water . Hydrogen from water is then combined with CO2 to form glucose which is stored in the plant as a fuel for later use.Overall: 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY --> C6H12O6 + 6O2This energy is made from the breakdown of ATP into ADP + PiPhotosynthesis is made up of two stages: (i) The light dependent reaction and (ii) the light independent reaction.The light dependent reaction This happens in the thylakoid membranes in the chloroplasts of plant cells. The purpose of this stage is to make ATP and NADPH that can be used in the light independent reaction.[Diagram of PSII and PSI]Light energy is adsorbed by PSII and this excites electrons in the chlorophyl. The excited electrons leave PSII and travel along the electron transport chain to PSIThe electrons that have been lost from PSII must now be replaced, and this is done by absorbing more light energy to split water into electrons, protons and oxygen.As the excited electrons move along the electron transport chain they lose energy. This energy is used to pump protons into the thylakoid so that the thylakoid has a higher concentration of protons than in the stroma. The protons move down their concentration gradient and into the stroma through ATPase, and the energy from this movement is used to combine ADP + Pi --> ATPLight energy is used once again to excite electrons in PSI to an even higher energy level than before. These electrons are transferred to NADP and combined with the protons from the stroma to form NADPH