Outline two external factors of class differences within achievement

One external factor that would affect the differences we see in achievement of the classes is due to cultural deprivation. This refers to the lack of "cultural equipment", which can be an issue for working class families. They tend to fall behind due to the lack of skills such as language skills. Both middle class and working class families hold a very different approach to how they would teach their children their language skills. Due to the history and educational backgrounds of their families, children from each background would either come out with a restricted speech code(working class) or an elaborate one(middle class). This idea is supported by Bernstein(1975) who seemed to imply that this is due to the fact that working class parents lack the ability to teach their children the adequate skills needed due to their lack of education, thus when they start school they would just have a very basic and restricted speech code, unlike their middle class counterparts who would have been socialised with very educated people and so developed an elaborate speech code. Another external factor. Another factor is that due to the lack of educational level, it would be that those families may also have low paying jobs and thus suffering from material deprivation. It can become difficult to provide their children with the basics such as a pencil case whilst also juggling bills. Education on its own can become costly for parents, Bull refers to this as the "cost of free schooling". Furthermore children who may need extra tuition would not be able to afford the means to do so. If the child is much older this could cause them to start working alongside going to school just to fund their educational needs and to make sure they succeed. This in turn could have a negative effect where they end up working harder within their workplace and eventually may be just as their parents did, they lost hope for school and accepted the stereotypical life of a working class individual which was to reject any middle class values such as education and stay in the same place in the social ladder.