Describe how animals survive adverse weather conditions

One method of doing this is dormancy. Some animals spend a period of their life cycle dormant in order to lower their metabolic expenditure in conditions which would otherwise require high energy to survive. They are able to conserve energy by reducing their heart rate, breathing rate and temperature.Some animals undergo predictive dormancy - where they become dormant before the weather gets worse. Others enter reactive/consequential dormancy in response to changes in weather.
An example of dormancy is hibernation which many animals use to escape harsh weather conditions and lack of resources in the winter months.
Daily torpor is a shorter form of hibernation which lasts for a few hours a day which helps animals save energy. Hummingbirds use this method.
Aestivation is used by animals living in very high temperatures. It is a form of dormancy which happens in the summer rather than winter months. It is used to avoid drying out in the heat. For example some frogs living in hot environments may spend summers underground where they are not in direct sunlight and the environment is cooler and more humid.
Alternatively animals may migrate. This involves spending energy moving to a different location in order to reach better conditions and more widely available resources elsewhere. Birds use this in different seasons.