A chemist has 3 beakers, each containing a pure sample of acetone (2-propanone), isopropanol (2-propanol) and propanal. Using chemical techniques, suggest how the chemist may be able to determine which beaker contains which sample. [4]

Brady's reagent is an orange solution of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine which reacts with carbonyl containing functional groups to produce an orange precipitate (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative of the carbonyl compound). [1]Isopropanol won't form a precipitate with Brady's reagent, which allows it to be identified. [1]Acetone and propanal do form precipitates with Brady's reagent [1]. Acetone and propanal can be distinguished by: measuring the melting points of the hydrazone precipitates and comparing those with known literature values/adding Tollen's reagent, which produces a silver mirror with the propanal but not with the acetone, as ketones can't be further oxidised by silver cations but aldehydes can be oxidised to carboxylic acids. [1]

SM

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Why is the Harber process performed at higher temperatures rather than low?


Please give the definition of Le Chatilier's principle. Use this to explain what would happen if you increased the temperature of an equilibrium in which the forwards reaction is exothermic.


State and explain how the attraction between nuclei and outermost electrons varies across group 3 (2 marks)


Which is more reactive, an alkane or an alkene and why?