For DNA there are 4 types of bases: A, T, C, G.A codon is made from 3 bases, and codes for either an amino acid, or a stop.Mutation substitution means that one base is replaces by another base, eg: an “A” becomes a “G”.The 3 types of mutation substitution are:non-sense- a base is substituded so that amino acid now becomes a stop codon (and the Amino acid chain stops early meaning the orotein will fold differently). For example: UGC (for Cystine) may mutate to become UGA (for stop)mis-sense- a base is substituted so that amino acid now becomes a different amino acid (and the protein may fold differently).For example: UGC (for Cystine) may mutate to become UCC (for Serine).Silent- a base is stubstituted but the amino acid doesnt change (some amino acids are coded for by multiple codons). And so the folding of thr protein will remain the same.For example: UGC (for Cystine) may mutate to become UGU (for Cystine).