What physical processes result in the formation of a meander?

A meander is a bend in a flowing body of water. The physical processes which form menders are erosion and deposition. Erosion occurs mainly on the outside bend as the water is faster, deeper and has a greater force. The 2 main erosion processes are abrasion and hydraulic action. The process of erosion creates steep river cliffs and undercut banks. As erosion continues, the bends and the valley floor become wider. This is a lateral process.On the inside bend the water is shallow, therefore the current is slower. This causes deposition as the river has less energy to transport material. The deposition of sand and gravel creates point bars.