Why was the Six Day War of 1967 a turning point in the situation in the Middle East?

The Six Day War of 1967 was a curcial conflict in the history of both Israel and the Arab States around it. With the Israeli victory, many issues arose that changed the way that people felt and behaved within these countries. For example, the superiority of Israeli arms, especially the success of the IAF (Israeli Air Force), in the war, confirmed to the Arab states of Egypt and Syria that they would not be able to defeat Israel alone. Considering Israel was supported and supplied by the USA and Western states, this allowed Soviet influence to permeate Egyptian and Syrian elites. This can be shown in Soviet arms and training being a key feature of Egyptian and Syrian forces by the October War of 1973. Further, the fact that Western arms were key to their defeat, turned the Arab States to the Soviets for emotional reasons too, as they blamed their defeat on the US and Britain.The Israeli victory also transformed the Palestinian situation. While previously under the Arab regimes, after the Israeli victory almost one million Palestinians in the Golan, Gaza and the West Bank came directly under Israeli control in what became the "Occupied Territories". The Arab loss also showed the Palestinians that the Arab states were not able to conquer Israel and reverse the previous 20 years of a percieved Israeli occupation. This directly leads to the revision of the PLO's charter in 1968 and the beginning of a more concentrated terrorist campaign intended to end the ISraeli occupation. The Israeli victory also changed the mentality that the Arab States could eradicate Israel, and thus altered the behaviour of the Arab leader - for example, Jordan made peace with Israel after this conflict and even assisted Israel with intelligence in 1973.For the Israelis, the war symbolised the beginning of a new period in the Israeli imagination. The capture of East Jerusalem was religiously and culturally symbolic, and the moment still stands in the Israeli imagination as a very significant one being celebrated as Jerusalem day each year. It also faced Israel with a new problem, beyond that of state-on-state conflict with its neighours, it now had over a million Palestinians hostile to it within its borders. For all these reasons and more, the Six Day War was a significant turning point.

Answered by Lavie R. History tutor

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