What meaning does the use of a verb in the middle voice convey in a sentence?

The use of the middle voice conveys that the subject of the verb is doing the action upon themselves or for themselves. It often has a reflexive quality: παυομαι = I stop myself i.e. I cease. It can also convey the sense that the action brings a benefit or advantage to the subject: φερομαι = I carry off for myself, I win.

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Explain the three constructions of indirect speech (oratio obiqua) in Attic Greek.


What is the difference in meaning between the aorist and perfect tense?


ὁ Τάνταλος βασιλεὺς ἦν τῆς Λυδίας . πόλλα χρήματα καὶ πόλλους ἀγροὺς ἔχων , πλουσιώτατος ἦν . Tantalus was king of Lydia. What else do we learn about him here?


Translate the following sentence and then explain the cases of the nouns and the tense of the participle. 'οἱ ἐκ της πολεως φυγοντες οὐκ εἰσιν ἀνδρειοι.᾽


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