The Berlin Blockade, erected in 1948 as a response to the forming of Bizonia, was Stalin's attempt to keep Germany as a 'Buffer Zone' between Soviet Europe and the Capitalist territories. West Berlin, that is the territories controlled by the USA, France and Britain, was immediately negatively affected. They ran out of food in just 36 days and were running low on basic goods and medical supplies. This was because Stalin blocked access via land and sea so goods could not be transported. Britain and America were forced therefore to air-drop supplies, with one plane landing every minute at the Berlin airport. Once this situation had become untenable and Stalin had lifted the blockade, a second major consequence of the Berlin Blockade was to prove to countries like America and Britain that they could work together effectively to protect the interests of smaller, more oppressed countries. This protection was formalised with the foundation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in April 1949. This major organisation was met in 1955 by the forming of the Warsaw Pact, a collection of communist countries protecting each other's interests. This meant, in effect, that lines had been drawn across Europe, forcing nations to choose sides on an ideological basis.