Describe a 2 step synthesis to form pentan-1-ol from pentane.
Lesson on organic synthesis ( Unit 4 OCR A )Step 1/ Slide 1: Teach (unless told that knowledge is known, tips and pointers still can be given). Step 2/ Slide 2: Worked example (if necessary). Step 3/ Slide 3: Independent question work (help if required). Step 4/ Slide 4: Recap over what has been taught , ask what they want to do next lesson.Step 2/ Slide 2: A worked example of organic synthesis in Unit 4 :Things to remember: Red Highlight. Improvements: Green Pen.To form an alcohol (in this case a primary alcohol, as it is pentan-(1)-ol) from an alkane, we need the correct conditions for the reaction: The exam board only require you to know catalyst and reagents for most reactions, but there are exceptions for alchohols, aldehydes, and carbonyls. In this case if you want me to tell you all the conditions for the reaction then that is good, if not we will stick to the marking points of the examiner. So we have decided to choose only the marking points the examiner requires. First we must do step 1 of the synthesis, an intermediate product which can potentially form an alcohol which is derived from an alkane. This is a haloalkane. After figuring out what our intermediate is, we must figure out our conditions for the 2 reactions ( alkane ---> haloalkane then haloalkane ---> alcohol). So step 1 reaction requires a halogen ( X2) and UV light ( at this stage I may ask my student if they are able to recap reactions involving UV light or what an example of a halogen is. This will form a haloalkane e.g. 1-bromopentane, not to be confused with a dihaloalkane. It is important to note that any haloalkane can be made for this reaction to work. It may be asked that you purify the intermediate depending on the no. of marks available. In this case we would use a seperating funnel (different density). We then add Sodium Halide (NaX) and specifically H2SO4. This will form your Pentan-1-ol.
