When propanal is reacted with potassium cyanide under weakly acidic conditions the resulting mixture does not rotate plane polarised light. Explain this observation.

A common mistake is to answer this question with the explanation that the light is not rotated because no optical isomers are present. However, this is incorrect. The only other time where plane polarised light is not rotated is when a racemic mixture is present.This reaction involves a nucleophilic attack at a carbon oxygen double bond. The nucleophile can attack above or below the plane. This means that there are two conformations that the product can take. These two conformations are two different optical isomers. Both attacks are equally as likely, so an equal mixture of the two products is formed.A good answer would explain the racemic mixture, and draw out the nucleophilic attack for explanation.

SD
Answered by Sally D. Chemistry tutor

5010 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Explain why the first ionisation energy of phosphorous is different to that of sulfur


State why it is initially unexpected for alkenes to undergo electrophilic addition with bromine. Explain why this reaction does indeed occur.


What product would you expect to obtain when reacting ethanal (or acetaldehyde) with potassium cyanide (KCN) in dilute acid? Draw a curly arrow mechanism for this transformation, and determine whether you obtain one enantiomer or a racemic mixture.


What is entropy and how is it used in chemistry?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning