When propanal is reacted with potassium cyanide under weakly acidic conditions the resulting mixture does not rotate plane polarised light. Explain this observation.

A common mistake is to answer this question with the explanation that the light is not rotated because no optical isomers are present. However, this is incorrect. The only other time where plane polarised light is not rotated is when a racemic mixture is present.This reaction involves a nucleophilic attack at a carbon oxygen double bond. The nucleophile can attack above or below the plane. This means that there are two conformations that the product can take. These two conformations are two different optical isomers. Both attacks are equally as likely, so an equal mixture of the two products is formed.A good answer would explain the racemic mixture, and draw out the nucleophilic attack for explanation.

SD
Answered by Sally D. Chemistry tutor

5336 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

How do you calculate the pH of a weak acid?


Why does ionisation energy of elements generally decrease as you move down a group in the periodic table?


Describe the structure of silicon dioxide


The bond angle in a molecule of ammonia (NH3) is 107 degrees so why, when part of a transition metal complex is the bond angle 109.5 degrees.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning