Identify the ideal properties a surface should have for efficient gas exchange
In order for efficient gas exchange to take place, an exchange surface, such as the alveoli in the lungs, should have the following: a large surface area to volume ratio, so that diffusion can occur at a quicker rate; be moist, so that diffusion can occur more readily; be thin, providing a short diffusion pathway; and a steep concentration gradient, to ease diffusion.
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