How do I answer a long answer question so that I get all of the marks?

Long answer questions (6+ marks) can normally be split into 3 marks for basic content and 3 marks for reasons. Long answer questions will also be assessed on quality of written communication - this means how well your answer makes sense and flows, and whether you have spelled the scientific words correctly.
Here is an example;In this question you will be assessed on using good English, organising information clearly and using specialist terms where appropriate. Mineral ions are an important component of a healthy diet. Describe how the other components of the diet are important in keeping us healthy. In your answer you should refer to:  the different components  why we need each component.
There are two components to this question.What other groups are important in our diet?CarbohydratesProteinsFats VitaminsWhat do these groups do that are important in keeping us healthy?Carbohydrates and fats can be used for energy releaseProteins are needed for cell growth and repairVitamins are cofactors for a lot of enzymes in our body, so we need them to keep our body healthy and functioning correctly.
6 mark questions mean that quality of written communication is also assessed so you will have to write your answer in full sentences and pay attention to spelling of the scientific language. To help you start your answer you can use the wording of the question.
Example:Carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins are all other dietary components that are important in keeping us healthy. We need carbohydrates and fats as metabolising them releases energy. We also need proteins for cell growth and repair which is necessary to stay healthy. Finally, vitamins play an important role in the body as cofactors to enzymes among other things, and so they are important in the diet to keep our body healthy and functioning correctly.