What is the light-dependent reaction in photosynthesis?

The light-dependent reaction is the first stage of photosynthesis (the second stage is the light-independent reaction), and it takes place within the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplasts. Firstly, light is required to split a water molecule into two hydrogen ions, half an oxygen molecule and a pair of electrons - this process is called photolysis. This pair of electrons begin at PSII (a chlorophyll molecule), and are excited by light to a higher energy level, before they travel through a series of electron carriers, by redox reactions, producing the energy required to phosphorylate a molecule of ADP to ATP - this process is called photophosphorylation. This pair of electrons will then end up at PSI, where they are excited by light to an even higher energy level, where they will reduce a molecule of NADP with the two hydrogen ions from photolysis of water, producing reduced NADP (NADPH).The purpose of the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis is to produce the molecules ATP and reduced NADP, as these are molecules that are required in the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis where glucose is made, and the formation of glucose is the ultimate aim of photosynthesis.

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