Panama has acted as a geographical barrier, separating two populations of ancestral shrimp - one in the Pacific and one in the Caribbean Sea.Random mutations will occur in both populations.Natural selection means that favourable allele mutations (ones that give best chance of survival) will be passed on in each population.The alleles that are favourable to each population will be different due to the different environments they are both in.This eventually leads to two different species of shrimp that cannot reproduce to form fertile offspring.