To add or subtract fractions, first you need to find a common denominator between the fractions. So, if you are trying to add 1/2 and 3/5, you can find the common denominator between 2 and 5 by multiplying each number on the bottom by the other number on the bottom of each fraction. 2 x 5 = 10, and 5 x 2 = 10. You now have your common denominator for adding and subtracting.
Since you have multiplied the number on the bottom of each fraction, you must do this to the top number too. Whatever you do to part of the fraction must be done to the other part. So you must remember to multiply 1 x 5 = 5, which gives you a new fraction of 1/2=5/10, and 3 x 2 = 6 to give you 3/5=6/10. Now you have a common denominator, and the action of multiplying has been applied to both sides of the fraction, so you can now add the two fractions together. 5/10 + 6/10 gives you 11/10. This can be applied to any types of fraction for both multiplying and subtracting.