Pathetic Fallacy is the attribution of human emotions to inanimate objects e.g trees, the wind, a beach. Shakespeare frequently uses this technique in his drama to mirror Lear's madness and to connect multiple themes in the play. A perfect example of this is in the Storm scene, when Lear exclaims, 'Blow, winds and, crack your cheeks! rage! blow!' ... we know that winds cannot possibly 'rage' or 'blow' but attributing this rage to the winds represents Lear's inner anger at his own foolishness. As the winds gain human emotion and become more powerful, Lear looses his own hierarchial power and ability to control his own emotions.
Pathetic Fallacy tends to bring an ironic aspect to the play. As Lear becomes more uncertain of himself, he asks the skies and winds to 'blow' and 'howl'. He is impossibly asking the winds and skies to do what he was once afraid to; howl and rage at his 'serpent'-like daughters Goneril and Regan after dethroning him. Portraying the storm as human-like allows Shakespeare to powerfully express Lear's inner-torment and mental chaos