How do I prepare for a longer essay question?

Know your structure well. -Write a short, concise and definition-orientated introduction-Plan 2 or 3 points you want to discuss and briefly jot down chains of reasoning, alongside potential counterpoints -Use the conclusion to be a brief summary of what you've said, and to be an opportunity to appreciate other external influences that could've affected your points. I.e. despite lower interest rates making loans cheaper for businesses which could boost profitability, it's important to acknowledge this does not necessarily lead to an increase in profit due to an increase in investment, for example this chain of reasoning relies upon the business getting the investment right and spending the money responsibly.