What are the different stages of Mitosis?

Mitosis occurs in a continuous, sequential order and has 5 stages:
1) Prophase
2) Metaphase
3) Anaphase
4) Telophase. 
Interphase
Interphase occurs before Mitosis and is the process where the cell is preparing for division.
·         DNA replicates
o   Chromosome in nucleus consists of two connected copies called sister chromatids. Chromosomes are decondensed and long so cannot be seen.
·        Organelles replicate
o   There are two centrosomes for division.
·         More ATP is produced
o   ATP is used as an energy source for cell division.
 
1.       Prophase
Prophase is the first stage of mitosis.
·         Chromosomes condense
o   This makes them easier to pull apart
·         Centrioles move and spindles form
o   Centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell and begin to form spindles.
o   Spindles are protein fibres and are part of the cell’s ‘skeleton’. They organise the cells and move the chromosomes during mitosis.
·         Nuclear envelope breaks down
o   The nuclear envelope is the membrane of the nucleus.
o   It breaks down so that the chromosomes are free in the cell.
 
2.       Metaphase
·         Spindle fibres capture chromosomes on their centromere
o   Centromere is the part of DNA where the sister chromatids are tightly bound together.
o   The chromosomes are lined up the middle of the cell by the spindle fibres
·         Metaphase checkpoint
o   The cell checks that all the cells are attached to spindles and aligned in the centre of the cell.
 
3.       Anaphase
·         Sister Chromatids move to opposite sides of the cell
o   Spindle fibres contract and pull the chromatids apart, moving centromere first.
 
4.       Telophase
·         Chromatids reach opposite ends of the cell
o   Chromatids uncoil, lengthen, and are called chromosomes again.
·         Spindle fibres break down
·         Nuclear envelope starts to form around each group of chromosomes.
o   There are now two nuclei
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm to form 2 cells. It overlaps in mitosis, starting in anaphase and finishing in telophase.
·         Animal calls form a cleavage furrow which is a pinch crease to divide the cell membrane.
·         There are now two daughter cells which are genetically identical to the original cell.