Henry VIII broke with the Catholic church in the 1530s in order to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon and marry his second wife, Anne Boleyn. Henry declared himself supreme head of the Church in England in 1533 after the Pope refused to annul his marriage to Catherine. His decision initiated the English reformation. With it came the attacks on monasteries and the reclaiming monastic lands. It provoked the 1536-7 Pilgrimage of Grace in the North, a large peacetime revolt. Henry remained doctrinally a Catholic and did not change much in the religion. Far more was changed under his son Edward VI, who was radically Protestant. This was of course then reversed by Mary 1 who was a strong Catholic and daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. After Mary’s death, Elizabeth 1st took over. She was a Protestant and made many radical changes. The bible was accessible to all literate people in English translations. Instead of being spectators at Latin Mass, congregations could now participate. From 1549 these were formalised in the influential book of the Book of Common Prayer.