What is the difference between breathing and respiration?

It is understandable why there is confusion between the two terms as we use the term 'respiratory system' to refer to the lungs and associated structures, even though they are not directly involved in the process of respiration. Instead, they are involved in gas exchange. Breathing, otherwise known as ventilation is a MECHANICAL and PHYSIOLOGICAL process which allows air to be drawn into the lungs during inspiration and then be expelled during expiration. Respiration, on the other hand, is a CHEMICAL process during which organic (containing carbon) molecules (e.g. glucose) are metabolised (=broken down) in an oxidation reaction (=using oxygen) in order to release energy for our bodies to use. Therefore, breathing is essential for respiration to occur, as it provides the oxygen needed. Nevertheless, breathing and respiration are two distinct processes.