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Phagocytosis is a non-specific cellular defence mechanism by the body which is initiated when a pathogen invades the body and has antigens which are detected as antigenic or foreign – note that antigens a...

The first stage involves transcription within the nucleus, the gene of interest is unzipped from it's double helix by enzyme DNA helicase. once single stranded a piece of mRNA which is able to fit through...

An “antigen” is a specific foreign molecular entity which is bound by antibodies during an immune response. Examples of antigens include peptides from bacterial surface proteins, which signal the presence...

firstly, glucose is converted into glucose phosphate and then into glucose biphoshate through phosphorylation. This process turns two molecules of ATP to ADP. This is then split into two molecules (3 carb...

A change in pressure causes a change in conformation/shape of stretch mediated ion channelsThis causes Na+ channels to flow across the membraneThis causes depolarisation at the Membrane producing our gene...