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A pain stimulus, for example, pressure from a pin, is sensed by a receptor, for example, pacinian corpuscle in the skin of the fingertip.This causes a change in shape of the receptor, so sodium ions diffu...
A first messenger is a hormone which binds to a receptor on the plasma membrane of a cell and causes a change to happen inside the cell
The resting potential is a result of the concentrations of the sodium and potassium ions inside the neuron compared to outside. The leaky channels in the sensory neuron membrane allow the movement of Na+ ...
Thin waxy cuticle - to protect the leaf without blocking the lightThin transparent epidermis - to allow more light to reach the palisade cellsLayers of palisade cells on the top surface - to absorb light<...
Haemoglobin is a molecule in red blood cells with a high affinity for oxygen. It consists of 4 haem groups, each of which associate with one oxygen molecule at high pO2, typically in the lungs....
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