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Markovnikov's rule states that, during electrophilic addition to alkenes/alkynes, the hydrogen atom in the electrophile will be added to the carbon atom in the alkene/alkyne that is bonded to he most hydr...
Amino acids are amphoteric, meaning they have both acidic and basic properties. An animo acid has at least one primary amine group, NH2, and at least one carboxyl group, COOH. In an acidic environment whe...
A dative covalent bond, or coordinate bond, is a bond where there is 1 pair of shared electrons between two atoms. The difference relative to a covalent bond is that in a dative covalent bond these electr...
Electrons are mobile or move in halogen molecules. Therefore, there can be an uneven distribution of electrons or electron density in halogen molecules (1 mark). This creates a temporary or instantaneous ...
A nucleophilic substitution reaction is when a nucleophile (an electron pair donor) replaces an atom or part of a molecule. In this scenario ammonia (NH3) is the nucleophile as it contains a lo...
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