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Before using numbers from the question: 1)What is pH? pH = -log[H⁺] Square brackets mean concentration of H+ so we need to convert given pH to [H⁺] in the weak acid coefficient 2) To...

Water has a greater boiling point than hydrogen iodide as water has hydrogen bonds, whereas iodine only has permenant dipole-dipole interactions. Hydrogen bonds are stronger than permenant dipole-dipole i...

Electrons occupy every orbital in each subshell once and then occupy the full orbital with both electrons 

F2 has van der Waals’ forces, whilst HCl has permanent dipole–dipole attractions. Permanent dipole–dipole attractions are much stronger than induced dipoles. More enegery is required to break the stronger...

Azo dyes are coloured because they contain alternating single and double bonds, known as a conjugated system. This creates and areas of delocalisation above and below the plane of the molecule. This area ...